Non-pharmacological treatments in the irritable bowel syndrome

INTRODUCTION The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal disorder characteried by chronic lower abdominal pain and disordered defaecation associated with bloating ,tenesmus and extra-intestinal symptoms including and functional upper gastrointestinal symptoms .Currently there is nounifying hypothesis which adepuately explains the pathogenesis of the disorder although a number of physiological and psychological abmormalites have been described.     

Is gender important? Victimisation and perpetration of intimate partner violence in mainland China

Establishing the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) has been recommended by International Conventions and Declarations for some time beginning with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW Articles 12 and 19) in 1979. One important recommendation of such international protocols is the implementation of national population prevalence surveys to establishing IPV as a serious social issue globally, which is intended to provide data for planning effective responses within signatory countries. However, not all countries have undertaken national prevalence surveys meaning that there are gaps in our understanding of who are the perpetrators and victims of IPV in different cultural contexts. This article presents the results of a scoping review of literature examining gender differences in prevalence rates of victimisation and perpetration of IPV in mainland China (hereon China). There has been little written about the prevalence of IPV in China generally, and this scoping process located only nine peer‐reviewed articles written in both English‐ and Chinese‐language journals focusing on both gender and IPV published between 1997 and 2016. Results of this scoping review demonstrate that while both women and men perpetrate IPV in China, the prevalence rates of different types of IPV reflect gender differences in both perpetration and victimisation, suggesting that IPV is not a unitary phenomenon. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of the findings including the importance of increasing awareness of IPV in China more generally and developing gender‐specific interventions to directly address different types of IPV. Directions for future research are also canvassed.     

不同穴位重复电针预处理诱导兔脊髓缺血耐受效果的对比

目的:比较不同穴位电针预处理对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的效果,为临床提供最佳的预处理方案。方法:32只雄性新西兰大白兔随机数字表法分成4组(各组n=8),即对照组、戊巴比妥钠组、委中穴组及足三里穴组。对照组静脉给予生理盐水1mL/kg,连续5d;戊巴比妥钠组静脉给予戊巴比妥钠30mg/kg,连续5d;委中穴和足三里穴组每天在戊巴比妥钠(30mg/kg)麻醉下,电针分别刺激委中穴和足三里穴60min/d,连续5d。最后一次预处理后24h,夹闭肾下腹主动脉20min,制作兔脊髓缺血模型;再灌注后4,8,12,24和48h分别对动物后肢运动功能评分;再灌注48h后,深麻醉下处死动物取脊髓(L5～7),制作标本行组织病理学观察。结果:所有动物均存活,再灌注后48h电针预处理委中穴和足三里穴组后肢运动功能评分及脊髓前角运动神经元计数均明显高于对照组(P=0.001);足三里组后肢运动功能评分和脊髓前角运动神经元计数明显低于委中穴组(P=0.001);对照组与戊巴比妥钠组相比,后肢运动功能评分及脊髓前角神经元计数无显著性差别(P=1.0和P=0.873)。结论:电针预处理对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤有显著的保护作用,且刺激委中穴优于刺激足三里穴的效果。     

病床床垫新型防污染保护罩防护性能观察

目的研究新型床垫防污染保护罩防污染性能,评价其防污染效果。方法采用现场采样检测方法进行了试验观察。结果使用中的床垫经过清洁与紫外线照射消毒,污染菌数平均为27 cfu/cm2,使用1周后细菌总数增加到728 cfu/cm2,使用2周后细菌总数增加到1072 cfu/cm2。用新型防污染保护罩加以保护,使用1周后细菌总数增加到84 cfu/cm2,使用2周后细菌总数仅增加到122 cfu/cm2。试验组和对照组均以下层采样点污染菌数多;未使用保护罩的床垫在使用1周后菌数比刚消毒后增加近30倍;使用防污染保护罩的床垫使用2周后菌数增加不到5倍。结论新型防污染保护罩对医院病床床垫具有良好的防污染效果,使用方便,适合在医院病床及家庭病床中推广应用。     

Genetic variations in the SMAD4 gene and gastric cancer susceptibility

AIM:To explore the association between mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4) gene polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk.METHODS:Five tagging single nucleotide polymor-phisms (tSNPs) in the SMAD4 gene were selected and genotyped in 322 gastric cancer cases and 351 cancerfree controls in a Chinese population by using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism method.Immunohistochemistry was used to examine SMAD4 protein expression in 10 normal gastric tissues adjacent to...     

自我催眠疗法在慢性疼痛患者中的应用

目的:探讨自我催眠疗法在慢性疼痛患者中的应用效果。方法:将60例患慢性疼痛伴有失眠、焦虑、睡眠障碍的患者随机分为干预组和对照组各30例。对照组采用常规治疗,干预组在常规治疗基础上采用自我催眠疗法。于治疗2～3个月后对两组的睡眠障碍、焦虑、抑郁状态等情况进行疗效评价。结果:干预组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:自我催眠疗法可使慢性疼痛患者睡眠障碍、焦虑、抑郁状态等负性情绪得到改善。     

军队医院战备训练基地建设的做法与体会

加强战备训练基地建设是提高军队医院卫勤分队保障能力的一个重要环节.文中通过分析军队医院战备训练基地建设存在的不足,结合工作实践,总结战备训练基地建设的体会,提出加强战备训练基地建设的建议.     

对突发事件中救援官兵心理干预的具体原则和策略的分析

目的探讨突发事件中救援官兵心理干预操作的原则和策略。方法在汶川8.0地震时,对第一时间参加救援的1475名官兵实施60场次团体互动示范式心理干预,干预过程中实施以下原则：所有不正常反应均给予合理正常化解释;所有互动均在示范基础之上实施;所有心理评估均与心理支持干预统一操作,以及运用所干预的目标均与当前的任务结合,团体与个体差异相结合的预防策略。结果救援官兵主动参与意识增强,认知、情绪和行为调整后自我感觉改善明显,对干预活动的构成因素和影响因素满意度较高。结论突发事件中对救援官兵实施团体示范互动式心理干预的原则和策略具有一定的指导作用,值得进一步推广。     

Differences in Yeast Intolerance Between Patients with Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Purpose Alimentary factors, especially those modifying the intestinal flora, may influence the course of inflammatory bowel disease. It is known that T and B cells of patients with Crohn’s disease can be stimulated with the yeast antigen, mannan. We evaluated the impact of eating habits with special respect to food containing yeast on the course of inflammatory bowel disease. Methods Questionnaires were sent to 180 German-speaking patients of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Outpatient Clinic at the University Hospital Bern, Switzerland. The following information was obtained by the questionnaires: (1) course of disease, (2) eating habits, (3) environmental data, and (4) inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire. The survey was anonymous. Results A total of 145 patients (80.5 percent 95 with Crohn’s disease, and 50 with ulcerative colitis) responded. Food items containing yeast were better tolerated by patients with ulcerative colitis than by patients with Crohn’s disease. A significant difference between the two groups was observed concerning food containing raw yeast (dough, P = 0.04; and pastry, P = 0.001). Conclusions Food items containing raw yeast led to more frequent problems for patients with Crohn’s disease than for patients with ulcerative colitis. This observation supports our previous data, which showed the stimulatory effect of the yeast antigen, mannan, on B and T cells of patients with Crohn’s disease but not of controls. Poster presentation at Digestive Disease Week (DDW), organized by the American Gastrointestinal Association, Chicago, Illinois, May 14 to 19, 2005.